Which nation experienced a significant overthrow in the 1979 Islamic Revolution?

The 1979 Islamic Revolution significantly transformed Iran, leading to the overthrow of the monarchy under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and the establishment of an Islamic Republic led by Ayatollah Khomeini. This revolution was sparked by widespread discontent with the Shah’s regime, which was perceived as corrupt and authoritarian, as well as its secular policies that were at odds with Islamic beliefs and practices.

The revolution was marked by mass protests, strikes, and a broad coalition of various social groups, including students, religious leaders, and leftist factions. Ultimately, the monarch was forced to flee, and after a brief period of political turbulence, Khomeini's faction consolidated power. This event reshaped the political landscape in the Middle East and had lasting implications for Iran's domestic and foreign policy, as well as for the region as a whole.

The other nations listed, though they experienced their own significant events and upheavals during the late 20th century, did not undergo an overthrow in 1979 comparable to the Islamic Revolution in Iran.