What trade system established by the Qing dynasty restricted foreign trade to specific ports?

The Canton System is the correct answer because it was a trade framework implemented by the Qing dynasty in China during the 18th and 19th centuries. This system required all foreign trade to occur through the port of Canton (modern-day Guangzhou), thereby regulating and limiting interactions with foreign traders to a single location. The Canton System aimed to control trade and preserve Chinese interests, as it allowed the Qing government to monitor and restrict foreign influence and goods entering China.

Under this system, foreign merchants were confined to specific trading posts and were subject to various regulations set by the Qing authorities. This structure helped the Qing dynasty maintain its sovereignty and manage the potentially disruptive effects of foreign trade and cultural influences.